1. Introduction
If you’re new to this creative hobby, you might be wondering what is resin art made of and how all the materials work together. Resin art is a popular form of modern craft that combines liquid resin with colors, textures, and decorative elements to create glossy, glass-like designs. From coasters and jewelry to wall art and tabletops, resin can transform simple materials into professional-looking pieces.
At its core, resin art is mainly made of a two-part system: resin and hardener. When these two components are mixed in the correct ratio, a chemical reaction begins. This reaction turns the liquid mixture into a solid, durable surface through a process called curing. The result is a clear, smooth finish that can hold pigments, glitter, dried flowers, stones, and many other creative additions.
But resin art is more than just resin and hardener. Artists also use color pigments, dyes, mica powders, molds, and various tools to shape and customize their projects. Understanding what resin art is made of helps beginners choose the right supplies, avoid common mistakes, and achieve better results from the start.
In this guide, you’ll learn exactly what resin art is made of, the essential materials involved, and how each component plays an important role in the final design. Whether you’re planning to start resin jewelry, home décor, or abstract artwork, knowing the basics will give you a strong foundation for success.
2. The Main Base: Epoxy Resin & Hardener
The foundation of every resin project starts with a two-part system: epoxy resin and hardener. These two liquids are designed to work together. When mixed in the correct ratio, they trigger a chemical reaction that transforms the mixture from a thick liquid into a solid, durable material. This process is known as curing.
What Is Epoxy Resin?
Epoxy resin is a clear, viscous liquid that provides the glossy, glass-like finish seen in many art pieces. On its own, it will not harden properly. It needs a curing agent (hardener) to activate the chemical reaction that allows it to solidify.
There are different types of epoxy available, including:
- Art resin – Designed for coatings and surface artwork, offering UV resistance and a smooth finish.
- Casting resin – Thinner in consistency, ideal for molds and deeper pours.
- Deep-pour resin – Formulated for thick layers, such as river tables.
Each type has a specific purpose, so choosing the right one depends on the project.
What Does the Hardener Do?
The hardener, sometimes called the curing agent, is responsible for initiating the chemical bonding process. When combined with resin, it creates heat (an exothermic reaction) that allows the mixture to gradually harden.
Without the correct amount of hardener:
- Too little can leave the surface sticky or soft.
- Too much can cause overheating or improper curing.
That’s why following the manufacturer’s mixing ratio—commonly 1:1 or 2:1—is extremely important.
The Importance of Accurate Mixing
Proper measuring and mixing directly affect the final result. Here are key steps to ensure success:
- Measure both components precisely.
- Mix slowly and thoroughly for the recommended time (usually 3–5 minutes).
- Scrape the sides and bottom of the mixing cup.
- Avoid whipping air into the mixture to reduce bubbles.
Incomplete mixing is one of the most common reasons for curing problems.
Curing Time and Conditions
After pouring, the mixture begins to cure. Most epoxy systems take:
- 12–24 hours to become firm
- 48–72 hours for a full cure
Temperature and humidity also influence curing speed. Warmer environments help the reaction proceed smoothly, while cold temperatures can slow it down or cause cloudiness.
Why This Base Matters
Epoxy resin and hardener form the structural backbone of any project. They determine clarity, strength, durability, and overall finish quality. Understanding how these two components interact helps prevent common beginner mistakes and ensures a smooth, professional-looking result.
3. Colorants & Pigments Used in Resin Art
Color plays a major role in transforming clear epoxy into vibrant, eye-catching designs. Once the resin and hardener are properly mixed, different types of colorants can be added to create unique effects. Choosing the right pigment is important because not all color materials are compatible with epoxy systems.
1. Mica Powder
Mica powder is one of the most popular options. It is a fine, shimmery pigment that creates metallic, pearlescent, or sparkling effects. Mica blends smoothly into the mixture and works well for coasters, jewelry, and abstract art. A small amount goes a long way, so it should be added gradually.
2. Liquid Resin Pigments
Liquid pigments are specially designed for epoxy. They mix easily and provide strong, consistent color. These pigments are available in opaque, transparent, and translucent options. They are ideal for beginners because they are formulated to maintain proper curing when used in recommended amounts.
3. Alcohol Inks
Alcohol inks are highly concentrated dyes that create fluid, marble-like patterns. They are commonly used for petri-dish effects or layered designs. Because they are thin and vibrant, only a few drops are needed. However, too much ink can interfere with curing, so moderation is key.
4. Resin Dyes
Resin dyes are similar to liquid pigments but are typically more transparent. They are perfect for achieving stained-glass or crystal-clear tinted effects. These dyes allow light to pass through, making them great for decorative pieces and embedded designs.
5. Glitter and Metallic Flakes
Glitter, foil flakes, and metallic powders add texture and sparkle. These materials do not dissolve; instead, they remain suspended within the cured surface. It is important to choose heat-resistant glitter to prevent fading or distortion during curing.
6. Acrylic Paint (Use with Caution)
Some artists use small amounts of acrylic paint for color. However, since acrylic paint contains water, adding too much can affect the curing process. If used, it should be limited to a small percentage of the total mixture.
Tips for Adding Color
- Always mix the resin and hardener first before adding pigment.
- Add color slowly and test in small amounts.
- Avoid exceeding the manufacturer’s recommended pigment ratio.
- Mix thoroughly to prevent streaks or uneven tones.
Using the right colorant enhances both appearance and performance. Selecting products specifically made for epoxy ensures vibrant results without compromising strength or clarity.
4. Additives & Decorative Inclusions
Beyond color, decorative additions are what give each piece its personality and depth. These elements are placed into the liquid mixture before it cures, allowing them to become permanently embedded inside the hardened surface. Choosing the right inclusions and preparing them properly is essential for a clean, professional finish.
Common Decorative Inclusions
1. Dried Flowers and Leaves
Pressed flowers and botanical elements are widely used for jewelry, coasters, and keepsakes. They must be completely dry before embedding. Any moisture can cause discoloration, bubbles, or cloudiness over time.
2. Gold Leaf and Metallic Foil
Gold, silver, or copper leaf adds a luxurious touch. These thin sheets create elegant cracks, veins, or textured accents. They are lightweight and easy to position but should be handled carefully to avoid tearing.
3. Crystals and Stones
Small crystals, gemstones, or decorative stones can be placed into molds or surfaces for a natural look. Heavier items may sink, so they should be positioned thoughtfully or added during a partially cured stage.
4. Wood Pieces
Wood slices and small wooden shapes are popular in home décor projects. Since wood is porous, it should be sealed first with a thin coat to prevent air bubbles from escaping during curing.
5. Shells and Sand
Beach-inspired designs often include shells or fine sand. These materials must be clean and completely dry before use. Layering techniques help keep them securely in place.
6. Paper, Photos, and Fabric
Printed materials can be embedded for personalized projects. To prevent ink bleeding, they should be sealed with a clear-drying glue or spray sealer before being placed into the mixture.
Using Additives for Special Effects
In addition to decorative objects, some additives can change texture or appearance:
- Silicone oil to create cell effects in abstract designs
- Glow powders for luminous finishes
- Texture powders for depth and dimension
These should always be used in small amounts to avoid interfering with curing.
Important Preparation Tips
- Ensure all materials are dry and free from dust.
- Seal porous items before embedding.
- Place heavier inclusions strategically to prevent sinking.
- Remove trapped air bubbles around objects with a heat tool.
Decorative inclusions allow artists to turn simple designs into meaningful, customized creations. With proper preparation and careful placement, these additions enhance both visual appeal and long-term durability.
5. Resin Art Molds & Surfaces
The mold or surface you choose plays a major role in the final look, shape, and durability of your project. Some pieces are created inside molds for specific shapes, while others are poured directly onto flat surfaces for abstract designs or functional items.
Silicone Molds
Silicone molds are the most popular option for casting. They are flexible, reusable, and naturally non-stick, which makes demolding easy once the piece has fully cured. These molds come in many shapes, including:
- Coasters
- Jewelry pendants
- Keychains
- Trays
- Geometric designs
High-quality silicone molds produce smooth, glossy finishes without needing additional polishing. They are ideal for beginners because they are simple to use and require minimal preparation.
Plastic and Acrylic Molds
Some projects use rigid plastic molds. While they can create precise shapes, they may require a mold release spray to prevent sticking. They are less flexible than silicone, so removing the cured piece must be done carefully to avoid cracks.
Wooden Surfaces
Wood panels and slices are commonly used for wall art, serving boards, and decorative pieces. Since wood is porous, it must be sealed before pouring. Applying a thin base coat prevents air bubbles from rising into the final layer and improves adhesion.
Canvas and MDF Boards
Canvas boards and MDF panels are often used for fluid-style artwork. These surfaces should be primed and leveled before pouring to ensure an even finish. Because resin self-levels, placing the surface on a flat workspace is important to avoid uneven thickness.
Metal and Glass Surfaces
Metal and glass can also be used as bases for creative designs. These surfaces are non-porous and typically do not require sealing. However, they must be clean and free from grease or dust to ensure proper bonding.
Choosing the Right Option
The best mold or surface depends on your project goals:
- Use silicone molds for shaped items like coasters and jewelry.
- Choose sealed wood or MDF for decorative panels.
- Select canvas for abstract art designs.
Proper preparation, leveling, and cleanliness are key to achieving a smooth, professional finish. Selecting the right mold or base ensures better results and reduces the need for repairs or refinishing later.
6. Tools Needed for Resin Art
Having the right tools makes the entire process smoother, safer, and more accurate. While the materials create the design, proper equipment ensures correct mixing, clean pours, and fewer mistakes. Beginners do not need expensive gear, but a few essential items are necessary for professional-looking results.
1. Measuring Cups
Accurate measurement is critical for proper curing. Use graduated plastic or silicone measuring cups with clear markings. Since most epoxy systems require specific ratios (such as 1:1 or 2:1), precise measurement prevents sticky or soft finishes.
2. Mixing Sticks
Silicone or wooden stir sticks are used to combine the two components thoroughly. Silicone sticks are reusable and easier to clean, while wooden sticks are affordable and disposable. Mixing slowly and evenly helps reduce trapped air bubbles.
3. Digital Scale (Optional but Helpful)
For systems measured by weight instead of volume, a digital scale ensures accuracy. Even small errors in measurement can affect the final outcome, so a scale adds an extra level of precision.
4. Heat Gun or Butane Torch
Air bubbles naturally form during mixing and pouring. A heat gun or small torch gently warms the surface, allowing bubbles to rise and pop. The tool should be used carefully and moved constantly to avoid overheating.
5. Silicone Mats or Protective Covers
Workspaces should always be protected. Silicone mats, plastic sheets, or wax paper prevent spills from damaging tables. Since cured resin is difficult to remove, covering the area beforehand saves time and effort.
6. Level Tool
Because epoxy self-levels, an uneven surface can cause the liquid to pool on one side. A small level tool ensures that molds or panels are perfectly flat before pouring.
7. Tweezers and Toothpicks
These small tools are useful for placing decorative elements precisely. They also help remove dust particles or pop stubborn bubbles trapped around inclusions.
8. Sanding Supplies
After curing, some projects may need light sanding to smooth edges or remove imperfections. Fine-grit sandpaper or sanding blocks are typically used before applying a final topcoat.
9. Personal Protective Equipment
Gloves, a respirator mask, and safety glasses protect against skin contact and fumes. Proper safety gear is especially important in enclosed spaces.
Why Tools Matter
Using the correct tools improves accuracy, reduces waste, and prevents common problems such as improper curing or uneven surfaces. Investing in basic equipment ensures a cleaner workflow and more consistent results, especially for beginners learning the process.
7. Safety Materials & Protective Gear
Working with epoxy involves chemicals that can irritate the skin, eyes, and lungs if proper precautions are not taken. Using the right safety materials and protective gear is essential to prevent accidents and ensure a safe crafting environment.
1. Gloves
Nitrile gloves are recommended because they resist chemical penetration better than latex or vinyl. They protect your hands from resin contact, which can cause irritation or allergic reactions. Gloves should be thick enough to handle prolonged exposure but flexible enough for precise movements.
2. Respirator Mask
Epoxy releases fumes that can be harmful if inhaled over time. A respirator mask with organic vapor cartridges filters out these fumes and protects the lungs. Dust masks are not sufficient when working with liquid resin. Always wear a respirator in enclosed spaces or when mixing large amounts.
3. Safety Glasses
Safety glasses or goggles protect the eyes from accidental splashes. Even small droplets of uncured resin can cause irritation, so eye protection is strongly recommended during mixing and pouring.
4. Protective Clothing
Long sleeves and aprons help prevent resin from contacting skin or clothing. Resin can be difficult to remove from fabric, so wearing dedicated protective clothing keeps your workspace safe and clean.
5. Ventilation
Good airflow is critical. Work near an open window, under a fan, or in a well-ventilated room to disperse fumes. Proper ventilation not only reduces inhalation risks but also helps resin cure evenly.
6. Surface Protection
Cover work surfaces with silicone mats, plastic sheets, or disposable paper to prevent resin spills from sticking to furniture. This also makes cleanup easier and reduces the risk of accidental contact with chemicals.
Tips for Safe Handling
- Always read the manufacturer’s safety instructions before starting a project.
- Avoid touching your face, especially eyes and mouth, while working.
- Keep all safety gear clean and in good condition.
- Store resin and hardener out of reach of children and pets.
Using safety materials and protective gear ensures a safer, more enjoyable crafting experience. It prevents health issues, keeps your workspace clean, and allows you to focus on creating beautiful, long-lasting pieces.
8. How All Materials Work Together
Creating a finished resin piece involves combining multiple materials and tools in a careful sequence. Each component plays a specific role, and understanding how they interact ensures a smooth process and a polished final result.
Step 1: Measuring the Resin and Hardener
The first step is to measure the two parts accurately. Most epoxy systems have a recommended ratio, such as 1:1 or 2:1. Precise measurement is crucial because any deviation can result in soft spots, sticky surfaces, or uneven curing.
Step 2: Mixing Thoroughly
After measuring, the resin and hardener must be mixed slowly and consistently. Scrape the sides and bottom of the container to ensure all material is incorporated. Proper mixing initiates the chemical reaction that allows the liquid to harden into a solid surface.
Step 3: Adding Colorants
Once the base is mixed, pigments, dyes, or inks are added. These provide the visual appeal of the piece. It’s important to incorporate them gradually and mix evenly to avoid streaks or uneven tones.
Step 4: Incorporating Decorative Inclusions
Decorative items like dried flowers, metallic flakes, or stones are added next. Placement should be done carefully using tweezers or sticks to ensure objects are positioned exactly as desired. Some heavier items may require partial curing of the resin before placement to prevent sinking.
Step 5: Pouring Into Molds or Onto Surfaces
The prepared mixture is poured into silicone molds or onto flat surfaces. Silicone molds provide defined shapes, while flat surfaces allow free-flowing designs. Ensuring the surface is level is essential for an even finish.
Step 6: Removing Air Bubbles
Bubbles naturally form during mixing and pouring. Using a heat gun, torch, or careful tapping of the mold helps release trapped air. This step ensures a clear, smooth finish without imperfections.
Step 7: Curing
After pouring, the resin must cure undisturbed. Curing times vary depending on the type of resin and environmental conditions, usually ranging from 12 hours to several days. Proper ventilation and temperature control help the mixture harden evenly.
Step 8: Finishing Touches
Once fully cured, pieces may require sanding, polishing, or an additional topcoat for a high-gloss finish. These finishing steps enhance durability and refine the final appearance.
By following this sequence, each material—from resin and hardener to pigments, inclusions, and tools—works together to create a durable and visually appealing piece. Understanding this workflow allows for better control over the final outcome and reduces common mistakes.
9. Common Mistakes Beginners Make
Working with epoxy can be exciting, but beginners often encounter challenges that affect the final result. Knowing the most common mistakes can help you avoid frustration and produce professional-looking pieces from the start.
1. Incorrect Mixing Ratio
One of the most frequent errors is not measuring the resin and hardener accurately. Even slight deviations can result in sticky surfaces, incomplete curing, or uneven hardness. Always follow the manufacturer’s recommended ratio precisely.
2. Insufficient Mixing
Failing to mix thoroughly is another common issue. Unmixed portions of resin or hardener can leave streaks, soft spots, or areas that never fully cure. Mixing slowly and scraping the sides and bottom of the container ensures a consistent reaction.
3. Overusing Pigments or Additives
Adding too much colorant, glitter, or decorative material can interfere with curing and affect the clarity of the final piece. Gradual addition and proper testing of colorants help maintain both aesthetics and structural integrity.
4. Placing Inclusions Improperly
Heavy or unsealed items, such as stones, wood, or flowers, may sink, float, or trap air bubbles. Preparing and positioning decorative elements carefully, and sometimes embedding them after partial curing, can prevent these issues.
5. Poor Ventilation
Working in a poorly ventilated area increases exposure to fumes and can slow down curing. Proper airflow not only protects your health but also ensures the resin sets evenly and achieves maximum clarity.
6. Uneven Surfaces
Pouring on an unlevel table or mold can lead to uneven thickness, pooling, or dripping. Always check that your work surface is completely flat before pouring.
7. Rushing the Curing Process
Attempting to move, demold, or handle resin too early can cause warping, fingerprints, or sticky spots. Patience is key—allow the recommended curing time for optimal results.
By being aware of these common mistakes and taking preventive measures, beginners can save time, reduce material waste, and create polished, durable projects that meet their expectations.
10. (FAQs)
1. What materials are used to make resin art?
Resin art is typically made from epoxy resin and hardener as the base. Artists often add resin pigments, mica powders, glitter, and decorative inclusions like dried flowers, gold leaf, or small stones. These materials combine to create durable, glossy designs.
2. Can I use any type of resin for my project?
Different types of resin serve different purposes. Art resin is ideal for coatings and flat surfaces, casting resin works for molds, and UV resin cures quickly under light. Choose the type based on your project to ensure proper curing and clarity.
3. How do pigments and dyes affect resin curing?
Adding resin pigments or alcohol inks enhances color and creates unique effects. However, too much pigment can slow down or interfere with the curing process. Always follow recommended ratios for the best results.
4. Do I need molds to create resin art?
Molds are optional but useful for shaped items like coasters, jewelry, or trays. Silicone molds are preferred because they are flexible, reusable, and prevent sticking. Flat surfaces like wood, canvas, or MDF boards can also be used for free-pour designs.
5. How long does it take for resin to cure completely?
Curing time depends on the type of resin and environmental conditions. Most epoxy resin projects firm up in 12–24 hours and fully cure within 48–72 hours. Temperature, humidity, and ventilation can affect drying times.
6. What safety gear should I use when working with resin?
Wear nitrile gloves, a respirator mask, and safety glasses to protect your skin, lungs, and eyes. Ensure proper ventilation and cover your workspace with silicone mats or protective sheets to prevent spills.
7. Can I embed objects like flowers or stones in resin?
Yes, decorative inclusions such as dried flowers, wood pieces, shells, and crystals can be embedded. Heavier items may need to be positioned carefully or added during partial curing to prevent sinking.
8. Why does my resin have bubbles or cloudiness?
Bubbles often form from air trapped during mixing or pouring. Using a heat gun or torch can remove them. Cloudiness can occur if the resin is mixed incorrectly, exposed to moisture, or poured in low temperatures.
9. What tools are essential for beginners?
Basic tools include measuring cups, mixing sticks, silicone molds, heat guns, tweezers, and protective gear. A digital scale helps with precise ratios, and a level tool ensures even pours for smooth results.
10. Can I make resin art without experience?
Yes. By understanding the materials, tools, and proper workflow—mixing resin and hardener correctly, adding pigments, using molds, and following curing times—beginners can create professional-looking projects with practice.
11. Conclusion:
In summary, resin art is made of a combination of epoxy resin and hardener, which form the durable, glossy base of every piece. This two-part system undergoes a chemical reaction when mixed, turning from a liquid into a solid through the curing process.
To create vibrant and unique designs, artists often add resin pigments, mica powders, alcohol inks, glitter, and other decorative inclusions. These colorants and embellishments allow for endless creativity, from jewelry and coasters to wall art and tabletops.
The materials are poured into silicone molds or onto flat surfaces like wood, canvas, or MDF boards, with the correct tools and safety gear ensuring precision and protection during the process. Proper measurement, thorough mixing, and attention to curing times are crucial for achieving a smooth, professional finish.Understanding what is resin art made of helps beginners select the right supplies, avoid common mistakes, and create beautiful, long-lasting pieces. By mastering the basics of resin, hardener, pigments, and decorative elements, anyone can produce stunning, personalized artwork.